KKN Gurugram Desk | Every year, Bihar Diwas is celebrated on 22nd March to mark the formation of the state. In 2025 , Bihar turned 113 years old. But, have you ever wondered why the state is named Bihar? In this article, we will explore 15 interesting facts about Bihar that are often asked in competitive exams like BPSC (Bihar Public Service Commission). These Bihar General Knowledge facts will give you insights into the state’s history, culture, and geography.
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Bihar Diwas: A Day of Celebration
Bihar Diwas is celebrated annually on 22nd March. This date holds great significance as it marks the formation of the state of Bihar. In 1912, during British rule, Bihar was separated from Bengal and established as a state. Over the years, 22nd March has become a public holiday in the state, with celebrations held across Bihar. It is a day to honor the rich history, culture, and heritage of Bihar.
Bihar Diwas was first celebrated in 2010, under the leadership of then Chief Minister Nitish Kumar. The day is marked with various cultural programs, seminars, and events that highlight the state’s historical importance.
Top 15 Bihar General Knowledge Facts
Let’s dive into some essential General Knowledge facts about Bihar that you should know. These facts will not only enhance your knowledge but also help you in various exams, including BPSC.
1. When Was Bihar State Formed?
Bihar became a separate state on 22nd March 1912, when it was carved out from Bengal. Before this, Bihar was a part of the Bengal province under British rule. After independence, Bihar went through reorganization in 1956 to form the state as it exists today.
2. What is Bihar’s State Flower?
The marigold (गेंदा) is the state flower of Bihar. It is widely used in religious ceremonies and festivals in the state.
3. Which is the Largest District of Bihar?
The largest district in Bihar is West Champaran (पश्चिम चंपारण), covering an area of approximately 5228 square kilometers. This district is known for its historical significance and natural beauty.
4. What is Bihar’s State Bird?
The Sparrow (गौरैया) is the state bird of Bihar. This bird symbolizes simplicity and is a common sight in rural areas across the state.
5. When Did the Famous Bihar Movement Start?
The famous Bihar Movement, also known as the JP Movement, began in 1974. This was a student-led movement against corruption and to raise awareness about various social issues. It played a significant role in shaping the political landscape of Bihar.
6. Why is Bihar Named Bihar?
The name Bihar is derived from the word ‘Vihara’, meaning Buddhist monasteries. This is because the region had a large number of Buddhist monasteries in ancient times, especially during the reign of Emperor Ashoka. Bihar was an important center for Buddhism in India.
7. How Many States Border Bihar?
Bihar shares its borders with four states:
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West Bengal (in the east)
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Uttar Pradesh (in the west)
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Jharkhand (in the south)
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Nepal (to the north, though it’s a foreign boundary)
8. Which is the Smallest District of Bihar?
The smallest district of Bihar is Sheohar (शिवहर), with an area of about 442.99 square kilometers. Despite its small size, Sheohar is rich in cultural heritage.
9. What is the Population of Bihar?
According to the 2011 Census, Bihar’s population was approximately 104,099,452. It ranks third in terms of population in India, with a male population of 54,278,157 and a female population of 49,821,295.
10. What is Bihar’s State Emblem?
The state emblem of Bihar consists of two swastikas placed on either side of the Bodhi tree (बोधि वृक्ष), which represents peace, wisdom, and enlightenment. The Bodhi tree is associated with the Buddha’s enlightenment.
11. Why is Bihar Diwas Celebrated?
Bihar Diwas is celebrated on 22nd March to commemorate the formation of Bihar as a separate state. The day marks the historical moment when Bihar was carved out from Bengal in 1912. The celebration of Bihar Diwas started in 2010 under the leadership of Chief Minister Nitish Kumar.
12. In Which Countries is Bihar Diwas Celebrated?
Bihar Diwas is not only celebrated in Bihar but also in several countries around the world where there is a significant Bihar-origin population. This includes countries like:
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USA (California, New Jersey)
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Australia (Sydney)
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Dubai, Qatar, Bahrain
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Canada, UK
These celebrations are organized by the Non-Resident Bihari communities living abroad to keep the cultural connection alive.
13. How Many Districts Are There in Bihar?
Bihar is divided into 38 districts. These districts were established in 1956. The list of districts includes:
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West Champaran
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East Champaran
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Gopalganj
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Sitamarhi
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Madhubani
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Supaul
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Araria
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Kishanganj
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Purnia
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Katihar
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Bhagalpur
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Banka
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Jamui
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Nawada
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Gaya
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Aurangabad
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Rohtas
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Kaimur
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Buxar
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Saran
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Siwan
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Sheohar
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Muzaffarpur
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Darbhanga
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Saharsa
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Madhubani
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Khagaria
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Begusarai
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Munger
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Lakhisarai
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Sheikhpura
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Nalanda
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Jehanabad
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Arwal
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Bhojpur (Ara)
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Patna
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Vaishali
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Samastipur
14. Who Was the First Chief Minister of Bihar?
The first Chief Minister of Bihar was Shri Krishna Singh (श्री कृष्ण सिंह). He served from 1947 to 1961 and played a pivotal role in the early years of the state’s governance.
15. Who Was the First Governor of Bihar?
The first Governor of Bihar was Jai Ramdas Doulatram (जय रामदास दौलतराम). He took office when Bihar became a state in 1912.
Bihar’s Cultural and Political Significance
Bihar holds a unique place in India’s cultural and political landscape. Historically, it was home to ancient universities like Nalanda and Vikramshila, which attracted scholars from all over the world. The state has been a hub of political movements, including the Bihar Movement in the 1970s, which played a significant role in shaping the country’s democratic processes.
In recent years, Bihar has become a focal point for political activities and governance in India. The state has also seen substantial development, with significant improvements in infrastructure, education, and healthcare. Despite facing challenges, Bihar continues to grow and contribute to India’s economy.
Bihar is not just a state in India; it is a place filled with history, culture, and significance. From the formation of the state in 1912 to the various cultural, political, and historical milestones, Bihar has a rich legacy. The state continues to be a hub for education, politics, and culture.
As we celebrate Bihar Diwas, it’s essential to remember the state’s contributions to India’s history. The interesting facts mentioned in this article give a glimpse into Bihar’s importance and relevance in today’s world. Whether you’re preparing for the BPSC exam or simply curious about the state, these facts will surely help you understand Bihar better.